How to pass a selected dictionary from a ListView to another screen in Kodular?

Yes, you can do that, alternatively use TinyDB
Also see tip 1 here General Tips and Tricks for App Inventor/Kodular

It would really help if you provided a screenshot your relevant blocks, so we can see what you are trying to do, and where the problem may be.

To get an image of your blocks, right click in the Blocks Editor and select “Download Blocks as Image”. You might want to use an image editor to crop etc. if required. Then post it here in the community

Taifun